body {padding-top: 0;font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;overflow-x:hidden;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;font-weight: 200;background-color: #FFF;}
a{text-decoration: none;}

 .wow {
   visibility: hidden;
 }
.navbar-light .navbar-toggler-icon {
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%28255, 255, 255, 0.55%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");border: none;
}


.navbar {
    padding-top: 18px;
    padding-bottom: 18px;
    transition: background-color 0.35s ease, padding 0.35s ease, box-shadow 0.35s ease, backdrop-filter 0.35s ease;
    z-index: 1050;
}

.navbar.scrolled {
    background-color: rgba(10, 15, 25, 0.95) !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    padding-top: 10px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25) !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.font{font-family:f"adobe-caslon-pro", serif;}
.carousel-caption{top:calc( 50% - 100px );bottom:unset;}
.carousel-caption h3{display: inline-block;background-color: #e8ef64;padding: 10px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);text-shadow: none;font-weight: 600;}
.carousel-caption p{color:#FFF;text-shadow:none;}

.title-aft{width:60%;margin:auto;color:#929292;text-align:center;margin-bottom:20px;}

p{line-height:24px;color:#292929;margin-bottom:0.3rem;}
.ls-5{letter-spacing:2px !important;}
.ls-7{letter-spacing:5px !important;}
.navbar-light .navbar-brand {
    color:#FFF;
}

.bg-dark-15{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}

.navbar-brand {
    padding: 0;
    font-size: 1.95rem;
    margin: 0;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
}
.navbar-brand > img {
    height: 38px;
    width: auto;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}
.navbar-brand:hover > img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    padding: 8px 14px;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover {
    color: #67ebf7 !important;
}

.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.active,
.navbar-light .navbar-nav .show > .nav-link,
.scrolled.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.active,
.scrolled.navbar-light .navbar-nav .show > .nav-link.active {
    color: #67ebf7 !important;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.scrolled.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    font-weight: 400;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-item:last-child .nav-link {
    padding-right: 0;
}

.title{margin-bottom: 1rem;}
.title span{font-weight:600;position: relative;}
.title span::before{content: '';position: absolute;width: 50px;height: 2px;background-color: #000;top: 15px;right: -60%;}


.title_bottom{margin-bottom: 1rem;position: relative;padding-bottom: 1rem;}
.title_bottom::before{content: '';position: absolute;width: 50px;height: 2px;background-color: #000;bottom: 0;left: 0;}

.btn-dark{background-color:#262626;box-shadow: 0 4px 9px -4px #313131;border-color: #262626}
.btn-dark:hover{box-shadow: 0 8px 9px -4px rgba(48, 43, 43, 0.3), 0 4px 18px 0 rgba(48, 43, 43, 0.2);}

.two-line{display: -webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp: 2; line-clamp: 2;  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;    overflow: hidden;}
.three-line{display: -webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp: 3; line-clamp: 3;  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;    overflow: hidden;}

.shadow-md{box-shadow: 0 2px 15px -3px rgba(0,0,0, 0.07), 0 10px 20px -2px rgba(0,0,0, 0.04) !important;}

.fs-5{font-size:1.05rem !important;}
.fs-6{font-size:0.95rem !important;}
.fs-7{font-size:0.85rem;}
.fs-8{font-size:0.75rem !important;}
.fs-9{font-size:0.70rem;}

.fw-100{font-weight:100 !important;}
.fw-200{font-weight:200 !important;}
.fw-300{font-weight:300 !important;}
.fw-400{font-weight:400 !important;}
.fw-500{font-weight:500 !important;}
.fw-600{font-weight:600 !important;}
.fw-700{font-weight:700 !important;}

.rounded-3{border-radius:0.5rem !important;}

.badge-success{background-color:#dcf1e4;color: #0c622e;}

#mainSlider img{height:calc( 100vh - 50px );width:100%;}

#counter_bg{background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7)), url("../../img/counter-bg.webp");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: fixed;position: relative;color:#FFF;}

#cv_bg{background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0.8), rgba(255,255,255,0.8)), url("../../img/cv-bg.webp");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: fixed;position: relative;}


#about-details{background:url("../../img/about-bg.webp");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: fixed;position: relative;}


.pubs{height:450px;background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9)), url("../../img/footer-bg.webp");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: inherit;position: relative;color:#FFF;}

.projects{transition: 0.5s;position: relative;}
.img-hldr{overflow: hidden;}
.researches .img-hldr{overflow: hidden;}
.researches .r-info{position:absolute;top: 55%;left: 50%;transform: translate(-50%,-50%)!important;width: 90%;color: #FFF;transition: 0.3s;}
.researches .img-cover{background: linear-gradient(rgba(0,0,0,0.9),rgba(0,0,0,0.9)) !important;}

.researches:hover .r-info{top: 50%;transition: 0.5s;}
.projects .img-hldr img{transition: 0.5s;}
.projects .img-hldr h5{z-index: 2;}
.projects:hover{transition: 0.5s;}
.projects:hover .img-hldr img{transform: scale(1.05);transition: 0.7s;}
.projects .img-cover{background: linear-gradient(rgba(0,0,0,0.3),rgba(0,0,0,0.3));position: absolute;    width: 100%;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;z-index: 1;opacity: 0;transition: 0.3s ease;}
.projects .img-cover h6{position: absolute;left: 50%;top: 47%;transform: translate(-50%,-50%);color: #FFF;font-size: 1.1rem;text-transform: uppercase;transition: 0.3s ease;text-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);}
.projects:hover .img-cover{opacity: 1;transition: 0.3s ease;}
.projects:hover .img-cover h6{top:50%;transition: 0.3s ease;}

.abt p{width:85%;}
.owl-next,.owl-prev{position:absolute;width:60px;height:60px;line-height:60px;top:calc( 50% - 80px );color:#000 !important;background: transparent !important;box-shadow: none;}
.owl-next span,.owl-prev span{font-size:4rem;}
.owl-prev{left:-45px;}
.owl-next{right:-45px;}
.owl-theme .owl-nav .disabled {opacity: 0 !important;}

#about-cover{background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7)), url("../../img/counter-bg.webp");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: fixed;position: relative;color:#FFF;padding:15px 0;}
#about-cover h3{font-weight:600;font-size:1.5rem;}


#footer{padding-top:50px;}

.social a{padding: 0.1rem;color: #212121;transition: all 0.2s ease-out;display: inline-block;}
.social img{height:40px;}
.social a:hover{transform: scale(1.1);color: #0dcaf0;transition: all 0.2s ease-out;}


.timeline {
  border-left: 1px solid hsl(0, 0%, 90%);
  position: relative;
  list-style: none;
}

.timeline .timeline-item {
  position: relative;
}

.timeline .timeline-item:after {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  top: 0;
}

.timeline .timeline-item:after {
  background-color: hsl(0, 0%, 90%);
  left: -38px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  height: 11px;
  width: 11px;
  content: "";
}

.nscr{overflow:hidden;}
.cls_nav{display:none;}
.navbar-light .navbar-toggler {
    border: none;
}
/* Maintain consistent left & right spacing (110px each side, exactly as seen at FHD 1920x1080)
   consistently from 1366px up to 2K (2560px) and beyond */
@media (min-width: 1366px) {
    .container, .container-lg, .container-md, .container-sm, .container-xl, .container-xxl {
        width: calc(100% - 220px);
        max-width: 2340px;
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 1400px) {
    .col5 .col-md-3 {
        width: 20%;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 1399.98px) {
    .col5 .col-md-3 {
        width: 25%;
    }
    .img-hldr {
        height: auto;
    }
    .abt p {
        width: 100%;
    }
}
@media (max-width: 1080px) {
    body{font-size:0.8rem;}
    .owl-prev{left:5px !important;}
	.owl-next{right:5px !important;}
	.col5 .col-md-3{width:100%;}
	.workshop.col5 .col-md-3.col-3{width:25%;}
	.workshop.col5 .col-md-3.col-4{width:33.333333%;}
	.workshop.col5 .col-md-3.col-6{width:50%;}
    .cls_nav{display:block;position:fixed;right:20px;font-size:2.5rem;top:10px;color:#FFF;}
    .cls_nav:active{color:#ddd;}
    .cls_nav .bi{text-shadow:0 2px 3px #000;}
	#navbarCollapse{position:absolute;width:80%;height:100vh;left:-100%;top:0;background-color:#000;transition:0.2s;display:block;}
	.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding:7px 15px;}
	.researches h5{font-size:0.95rem;}
    .abt p{       overflow: hidden;       display: -webkit-box;       -webkit-line-clamp: 5; /* number of lines to show */               line-clamp: 5;        -webkit-box-orient: vertical;   line-height:23px; }
}

/* ========================================================
   FEATURED RESEARCH (BLOG POST STYLE CARDS)
   ======================================================== */
.featured-research-heading {
    letter-spacing: 5px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #111827;
    margin: 0;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.view-all-research-link {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 1.5px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #475569;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    transition: all 0.25s ease;
}

.view-all-research-link:hover {
    color: #0f172a;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.view-all-research-link i {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.view-all-research-link:hover i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.research-blog-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 4px;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.research-blog-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.research-blog-card .card-img-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
    min-height: 195px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #f1f5f9;
}

.research-blog-card .card-img-wrapper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

.research-blog-card:hover .card-img-wrapper img {
    transform: scale(1.04);
}

.research-blog-card .card-body {
    padding: 1.2rem 1.3rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.research-blog-card .card-title {
    font-size: 1.12rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1e293b;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
    min-height: calc(1.35em * 2);
    max-height: calc(1.35em * 2) !important;
    display: -webkit-box !important;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2 !important;
    line-clamp: 2 !important;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    text-overflow: ellipsis !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.research-blog-card:hover .card-title {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.research-blog-card .card-text {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #4b5563;
    margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    min-height: calc(1.55em * 3);
}

.research-badge-wrapper {
    margin-top: auto;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
}

.badge-in-progress {
    background-color: #e0f2fe;
    color: #0284c7;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.07em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.38rem 0.95rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    display: inline-block;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.15);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.badge-completed {
    background-color: #eaf8ee;
    color: #166534;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.07em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.38rem 0.95rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    display: inline-block;
    border: 1px solid rgba(22, 101, 52, 0.15);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.research-action-link {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1e293b;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.research-action-link i {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.research-blog-card:hover .research-action-link {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.research-blog-card:hover .research-action-link i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* ========================================================
   PUBLICATIONS & PRESENTATIONS (BLOG POST STYLE 4-COL)
   ======================================================== */
.publication-blog-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 4px;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.publication-blog-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.publication-blog-card .pub-img-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
    min-height: 195px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #f1f5f9;
}

.publication-blog-card .pub-img-wrapper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

.publication-blog-card:hover .pub-img-wrapper img {
    transform: scale(1.04);
}

.publication-blog-card .pub-body {
    padding: 1.25rem 1.3rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.pub-card-year {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #64748b;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
    display: block;
}

.publication-blog-card .pub-title {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1e293b;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-bottom: 0.45rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    display: -webkit-box !important;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2 !important;
    line-clamp: 2 !important;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    text-overflow: ellipsis !important;
    max-height: calc(1.35em * 2) !important;
    min-height: calc(1.35em * 2);
}

.publication-blog-card:hover .pub-title {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.pub-card-venue {
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #334155;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: -webkit-box !important;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 1 !important;
    line-clamp: 1 !important;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    text-overflow: ellipsis !important;
    max-height: calc(1.4em * 1) !important;
}

.pub-card-contribution {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    color: #64748b;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    display: -webkit-box !important;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3 !important;
    line-clamp: 3 !important;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    text-overflow: ellipsis !important;
    max-height: calc(1.5em * 3) !important;
    min-height: calc(1.5em * 3);
}

.pub-action-link {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1e293b;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    margin-top: auto;
}

.pub-action-link i {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.publication-blog-card:hover .pub-action-link {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.publication-blog-card:hover .pub-action-link i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* ========================================================
   EVIDENCE & METHODS (4-COL CARDS)
   ======================================================== */
.method-reference-cards .method-blog-card,
.method-reference-cards .method-blog-card:hover {
    background: transparent;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
    transform: none;
}

.method-reference-cards .method-blog-card .method-img-wrapper {
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    min-height: 0;
}

.method-reference-cards .method-blog-card .method-body {
    padding: 1.1rem 0 0;
}

.method-reference-cards .method-blog-card .method-title {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    line-height: 1.5;
    min-height: 3em;
    max-height: 3em !important;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.method-reference-cards .method-action-link {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.talk-event {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #4b5563;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.recognition-honours-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.recognition-category-title {
    color: #1e293b;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin: 0 0 4px;
    padding-bottom: 12px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
}

.recognition-honour {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 105px minmax(0, 1fr);
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 24px;
    padding: 12px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.recognition-honour:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
}

.recognition-honour-year {
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.recognition-honour-title {
    color: #1e293b;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
    .recognition-honour {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 6px;
        padding: 10px 0;
    }
}

.method-blog-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 4px;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.method-blog-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.method-blog-card .method-img-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
    min-height: 195px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #f1f5f9;
}

.method-blog-card .method-img-wrapper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

.method-blog-card:hover .method-img-wrapper img {
    transform: scale(1.04);
}

.method-blog-card .method-body {
    padding: 1.35rem 1.4rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.method-blog-card .method-title {
    font-size: 1.12rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1e293b;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
    min-height: calc(1.35em * 2);
    max-height: calc(1.35em * 2) !important;
    display: -webkit-box !important;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2 !important;
    line-clamp: 2 !important;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    text-overflow: ellipsis !important;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.method-blog-card:hover .method-title {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.method-blog-card .method-text {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #4b5563;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    min-height: calc(1.55em * 3);
}

.method-action-link {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1e293b;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    margin-top: auto;
}

.method-action-link i {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.method-blog-card:hover .method-action-link {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.method-blog-card:hover .method-action-link i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* ========================================================
   TALKS & DISSEMINATION (4-COL BLOG CARDS)
   ======================================================== */
.talk-blog-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 4px;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.talk-blog-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.talk-blog-card .talk-img-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
    min-height: 195px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #f1f5f9;
}

.talk-blog-card .talk-img-wrapper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

.talk-blog-card:hover .talk-img-wrapper img {
    transform: scale(1.04);
}

.talk-blog-card .talk-body {
    padding: 1.35rem 1.4rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.talk-blog-card .talk-title {
    font-size: 1.12rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1e293b;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    min-height: calc(1.35em * 2);
}

.talk-blog-card:hover .talk-title {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.talk-blog-card .talk-text {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #4b5563;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    min-height: calc(1.55em * 3);
}

.talk-action-link {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1e293b;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    margin-top: auto;
}

.talk-action-link i {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.talk-blog-card:hover .talk-action-link {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.talk-blog-card:hover .talk-action-link i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.talk-blog-card:hover .talk-action-link i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* ========================================================
   PREMIUM RECOGNITION SHOWCASE (AWARDS FROM DATABASE)
   ======================================================== */
.premium-recognition-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04), 0 2px 6px -1px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.02);
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.premium-recognition-card:hover {
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
    box-shadow: 0 12px 28px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.07), 0 4px 10px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
}

.premium-recognition-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #d97706 0%, #f59e0b 25%, #0284c7 75%, #38bdf8 100%);
    z-index: 2;
}

.recognition-lead-col {
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f8fafc 0%, #f1f5f9 100%);
    padding: 2.25rem 2rem;
    border-right: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    height: 100%;
}

.recognition-emblem-wrap {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.recognition-emblem {
    width: 56px;
    height: 56px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fffbeb 0%, #fef3c7 50%, #fde68a 100%);
    border: 1px solid rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.35);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 14px -2px rgba(217, 119, 6, 0.16);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #b45309;
    font-size: 1.65rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.recognition-kicker {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: #b45309;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.15rem;
}

.recognition-stats-tag {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    color: #64748b;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.recognition-main-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #0f172a;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.recognition-lead-desc {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    color: #475569;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.recognition-all-link {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0f172a;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    margin-top: auto;
}

.recognition-all-link i {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.recognition-all-link:hover {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.recognition-all-link:hover i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.recognition-stream-col {
    padding: 1.75rem 2rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
}

.award-accordion-item {
    border-radius: 6px;
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.award-accordion-item:not(:last-child) {
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9;
}

.award-item-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.2rem;
    padding: 0.95rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
    position: relative;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    cursor: pointer;
    user-select: none;
}

.award-item-row:hover {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-color: #e2e8f0;
    transform: translateX(4px);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px -1px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
    color: inherit;
}

.award-item-row[aria-expanded="true"] {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-color: #e2e8f0;
}

.award-year-badge {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    color: #475569;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    padding: 0.28rem 0.65rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    min-width: 52px;
    text-align: center;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.award-item-row:hover .award-year-badge,
.award-item-row[aria-expanded="true"] .award-year-badge {
    background: #e0f2fe;
    color: #0284c7;
    border-color: rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.25);
}

.award-title-wrap {
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.award-row-title {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #1e293b;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.award-item-row:hover .award-row-title,
.award-item-row[aria-expanded="true"] .award-row-title {
    color: #0284c7;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.award-row-action {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.3rem;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.award-item-row:hover .award-row-action,
.award-item-row[aria-expanded="true"] .award-row-action {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.accordion-chevron {
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), color 0.2s ease;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    display: inline-block;
}

.award-item-row[aria-expanded="true"] .accordion-chevron {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
    color: #0284c7;
}

/* Accordion Drawer Content */
.award-accordion-body {
    padding: 0.25rem 1rem 1.15rem calc(1rem + 52px + 1.2rem);
    animation: fadeInAwardDesc 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

@keyframes fadeInAwardDesc {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(-4px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.award-desc-text {
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #475569;
    margin: 0;
    font-weight: 400;
}

.award-cert-action {
    margin-top: 0.65rem;
}

.award-cert-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0284c7;
    background: #f0f9ff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.22);
    padding: 0.28rem 0.65rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.award-cert-btn:hover {
    background: #0284c7;
    color: #ffffff;
    border-color: #0284c7;
    text-decoration: none;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
    .recognition-lead-col {
        border-right: none;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
        padding: 1.75rem 1.5rem;
    }
    .recognition-stream-col {
        padding: 1.25rem 1rem;
    }
    .award-item-row {
        gap: 0.85rem;
        padding: 0.85rem 0.65rem;
    }
    .award-accordion-body {
        padding-left: 0.65rem;
    }
}

/* ========================================================
   ULTRA-PREMIUM AWARDS PAGE SHOWCASE
   ======================================================== */
.awards-hero-section {
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 85% 15%, rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.18) 0%, transparent 45%),
                radial-gradient(circle at 15% 85%, rgba(217, 119, 6, 0.14) 0%, transparent 45%),
                linear-gradient(180deg, #090d16 0%, #0f172a 100%);
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 5rem 0 4.25rem;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.awards-hero-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background-image: radial-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06) 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 28px 28px;
    opacity: 0.65;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.award-hero-kicker {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    background: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.12);
    border: 1px solid rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.32);
    color: #fbbf24;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.95rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
}

.award-hero-title {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.8vw, 3.1rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
    line-height: 1.15;
    color: #ffffff;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.award-hero-desc {
    font-size: 1.02rem;
    line-height: 1.68;
    color: #cbd5e1;
    max-width: 720px;
    margin: 0 auto 2.25rem;
    font-weight: 300;
}

.hero-stats-ribbon {
    display: inline-flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    padding: 0.85rem 1.85rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
}

.hero-stat-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    text-align: left;
}

.hero-stat-item:not(:last-child)::after {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    width: 1px;
    height: 24px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    margin-left: 1.5rem;
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #f8fafc;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: #94a3b8;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    display: block;
}

/* Filter Controls */
.awards-filter-bar {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2.75rem;
}

.award-filter-btn {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    color: #475569;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 0.45rem 1.15rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
    cursor: pointer;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
}

.award-filter-btn:hover {
    color: #0f172a;
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
    background: #f8fafc;
}

.award-filter-btn.active {
    background: #0f172a;
    border-color: #0f172a;
    color: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.18);
}

/* Spotlight Distinction Hero Card */
.awards-spotlight-card {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbfcfe 100%);
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06), 0 4px 12px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
    margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.awards-spotlight-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 18px 36px -6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.09), 0 6px 14px -3px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
}

.awards-spotlight-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #d97706 0%, #f59e0b 35%, #0284c7 70%, #38bdf8 100%);
    z-index: 2;
}

.spotlight-content-col {
    padding: 2.75rem 2.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    height: 100%;
}

.spotlight-badge-wrap {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.spotlight-badge {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fffbeb 0%, #fef3c7 100%);
    border: 1px solid rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.35);
    color: #b45309;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
}

.spotlight-institution {
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #64748b;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.spotlight-title {
    font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 2.2vw, 1.85rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #0f172a;
    line-height: 1.25;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

.spotlight-desc {
    font-size: 0.94rem;
    line-height: 1.68;
    color: #475569;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.spotlight-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.spotlight-tag {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0284c7;
    background: #f0f9ff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.2);
    padding: 0.22rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.spotlight-visual-col {
    padding: 2.25rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #f1f5f9 100%);
    border-left: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.spotlight-cert-frame {
    position: relative;
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 16px 32px -6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.16), 0 4px 10px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    border: 3px solid #ffffff;
    max-width: 440px;
    width: 100%;
}

.spotlight-cert-frame img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 280px;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.spotlight-cert-frame:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.04);
}

.spotlight-cert-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 40%, rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.75) 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-end;
    padding: 1.25rem;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.spotlight-cert-frame:hover .spotlight-cert-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
}

.spotlight-zoom-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    background: #ffffff;
    color: #0f172a;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.85rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* Luxury Accolades Card (Grid Cards) */
.award-luxury-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), border-color 0.25s ease;
}

.award-luxury-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 16px 30px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 0 4px 10px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.award-luxury-media {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 220px;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.award-luxury-media img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

.award-luxury-card:hover .award-luxury-media img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.award-luxury-badge-bar {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0.85rem;
    left: 0.85rem;
    right: 0.85rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    z-index: 3;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.award-year-tag {
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.82);
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.65rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
}

.award-type-tag {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
    color: #0f172a;
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.award-media-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.45);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
}

.award-luxury-card:hover .award-media-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
}

.award-zoom-icon {
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    color: #0f172a;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.award-luxury-card:hover .award-zoom-icon {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.award-luxury-body {
    padding: 1.4rem 1.45rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.award-category-kicker {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #b45309;
    margin-bottom: 0.45rem;
    display: block;
}

.award-luxury-title {
    font-size: 1.08rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #0f172a;
    line-height: 1.38;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.award-luxury-card:hover .award-luxury-title {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.award-luxury-desc {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #475569;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.award-luxury-footer {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding-top: 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #f1f5f9;
    margin-top: auto;
}

.award-conferred-status {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: #64748b;
    font-weight: 500;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
}

.award-conferred-status i {
    color: #0284c7;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.award-cert-link-action {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0f172a;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.3rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.award-luxury-card:hover .award-cert-link-action {
    color: #0284c7;
}

.award-cert-link-action i {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.award-luxury-card:hover .award-cert-link-action i {
    transform: translate(2px, -2px);
}

/* Institutional Partners Strip */
.awards-institutions-bar {
    background: #f8fafc;
    border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    padding: 2.25rem 0;
}

.institutions-label {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #64748b;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.institutions-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 2.5rem;
}

.institution-item {
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #334155;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    opacity: 0.85;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.institution-item:hover {
    opacity: 1;
    color: #0284c7;
}

.institution-item i {
    color: #b45309;
}

@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
    .spotlight-content-col {
        padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    }
    .spotlight-visual-col {
        padding: 1.5rem;
        border-left: none;
        border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    }
    .hero-stats-ribbon {
        border-radius: 12px;
        gap: 1rem;
        padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    }
    .hero-stat-item:not(:last-child)::after {
        display: none;
    }
}

/* ========================================================
   SWIPER CAROUSEL FOR RESEARCH SECTIONS
   ======================================================== */
.research-swiper-container {
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.research-swiper-container .swiper-slide {
    height: auto;
    display: flex;
}

.research-swiper-container .swiper-slide > div {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.research-swiper-container .research-blog-card,
.research-swiper-container .method-blog-card,
.research-swiper-container .publication-blog-card,
.research-swiper-container .talk-blog-card {
    height: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.swiper-nav-group {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.swiper-nav-btn {
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
    color: #334155;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    padding: 0;
}

.swiper-nav-btn:hover {
    background: #0284c7;
    color: #ffffff;
    border-color: #0284c7;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.swiper-nav-btn.swiper-button-disabled {
    opacity: 0.3;
    cursor: not-allowed;
    pointer-events: none;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    border-color: #e2e8f0;
    color: #94a3b8;
    box-shadow: none;
    transform: none;
}

.swiper-nav-btn i {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1;
}

.swiper-pagination {
    position: relative !important;
    bottom: auto !important;
    left: auto !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    display: flex !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    margin-top: 1.5rem !important;
    margin-bottom: 3rem !important;
    z-index: 10 !important;
    transform: none !important;
}

.swiper-pagination-bullet {
    width: 9px;
    height: 9px;
    background: #94a3b8;
    opacity: 0.45;
    margin: 0 5px !important;
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
    cursor: pointer;
}

.swiper-pagination-bullet:hover {
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.swiper-pagination-bullet-active {
    width: 26px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: #0284c7;
    opacity: 1;
}

.swiper-pagination-lock {
    display: none !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SIMPLELIGHTBOX DARK TRANSPARENT BACKDROP & HIGH-CONTRAST CONTROLS
   ========================================================================== */
.sl-overlay {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.90) !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px) !important;
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px) !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    z-index: 99990 !important;
}

.sl-wrapper {
    z-index: 99995 !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-image {
    z-index: 99998 !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-image img {
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 25px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8), 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12) !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-image .sl-caption {
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.88) !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-size: 0.92rem !important;
    padding: 12px 18px !important;
    border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px) !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.3px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 -4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) !important;
}

/* TOP CONTROLS: Close & Counter */
.sl-wrapper .sl-close,
.sl-wrapper .sl-counter {
    color: #ffffff !important;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    z-index: 100060 !important;
    opacity: 0.95 !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-close {
    font-size: 2.8rem !important;
    line-height: 48px !important;
    top: 25px !important;
    right: 25px !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;
    border-radius: 50% !important;
    width: 48px !important;
    height: 48px !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-close:hover {
    color: #38bdf8 !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3) !important;
    transform: scale(1.08) !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-counter {
    font-size: 0.95rem !important;
    letter-spacing: 1px !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;
    padding: 6px 14px !important;
    border-radius: 9999px !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px) !important;
    top: 25px !important;
    left: 25px !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
}

/* LEFT AND RIGHT NAVIGATION ARROWS: Ultra visible, on top of backdrop */
.sl-wrapper .sl-navigation {
    display: block !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    z-index: 100050 !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-navigation button {
    position: fixed !important;
    top: 50% !important;
    margin-top: -28px !important;
    width: 56px !important;
    height: 56px !important;
    line-height: 50px !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    display: block !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35) !important;
    border-radius: 50% !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-size: 3rem !important;
    font-family: Arial, sans-serif !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
    z-index: 100060 !important;
    opacity: 0.95 !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px) !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-navigation button.sl-prev {
    left: 25px !important;
    right: auto !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-navigation button.sl-next {
    right: 25px !important;
    left: auto !important;
}

.sl-wrapper .sl-navigation button:hover {
    background: #0284c7 !important;
    border-color: #0284c7 !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: scale(1.1) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.5) !important;
}